Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: The expression of PKM1 and PKM2 in developing, benign, and cancerous prostatic tissues

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1392085

Figure Lengend Snippet: The expression of PKM1 in human tissues. (A–D) IHC staining of PKM1 in BPH (A) , low-grade (LG) AdPCa (B) , high-grade (HG) AdPCa (C) and NEPCa (D) . (E–H) IF staining of PKM1 ( F , green) and basal epithelial cell marker P63 ( G , red) in human BPH. PKM1 is expressed in prostate basal epithelial and stromal cells. (I–L) Serial sections derived from an AdPCa with NED were used for IHC staining of PKM1 (I) or dual IF staining of PKM1 ( J , green) and NE marker CHGA ( K , red). PKM1 is co-expressed with CHGA in the scattered NEPCa cells. (M–P) IHC staining of PKM1 in pancreatic carcinoma with NED (PancNED) (M) , Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) (N) , small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (O) , and urothelial carcinoma with NED (UCNED) samples (P) . Scale bar for IHC = 20 μM. (Q) The quantification of PKM1 IHC staining intensity in human PCa. Chi-Square test **P<0.01 , AdPCa (including low-grade and high-grade AdPCa samples) vs NE phenotype (including AdPCa with NE differentiation and NEPCa samples).

Article Snippet: For IF staining, primary antibodies include CHGA (AB_1553436, dilution 1:50, Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Iowa City, IA), PKM1, PKM2, P63, and SYP (source was the same as mentioned above, dilution 1:100).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemistry, Staining, Marker, Derivative Assay

Journal: Pharmaceutical Biology

Article Title: Chlorogenic acid promotes angiogenesis and attenuates apoptosis following cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the PI3K-Akt signalling

doi: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2110599

Figure Lengend Snippet: CGA regulated OGD/R-induced apoptosis of HBMECs. (A) The cell viability was evaluated by CCK-8 assay in HBMECs after stimulation with different concentrations of CGA for 28 h. HBMECs were subjected to OGD/R and CGA treatment. (B) The cell viability was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. (C–E) The apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry and TUNEL assays. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: For CGA treatment, HBMECs were coped with 20, 40, 80 or 160 μM CGA (purity: 99.55%; MedChemExpress, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) for 28 h. CGA was added meanwhile at the start of OGD and maintained in the culture medium throughout the OGD and reoxygenation.

Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Flow Cytometry, TUNEL Assay

Journal: Pharmaceutical Biology

Article Title: Chlorogenic acid promotes angiogenesis and attenuates apoptosis following cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the PI3K-Akt signalling

doi: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2110599

Figure Lengend Snippet: CGA regulated angiogenesis of HBMECs under OGD/R damage. HBMECs were treated with OGD/R and indicated concentrations of CGA. (A) The angiogenesis was estimated by tube formation assay. (B) The VEGFA abundance was tested by western blot. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: For CGA treatment, HBMECs were coped with 20, 40, 80 or 160 μM CGA (purity: 99.55%; MedChemExpress, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) for 28 h. CGA was added meanwhile at the start of OGD and maintained in the culture medium throughout the OGD and reoxygenation.

Techniques: Tube Formation Assay, Western Blot

Journal: Pharmaceutical Biology

Article Title: Chlorogenic acid promotes angiogenesis and attenuates apoptosis following cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the PI3K-Akt signalling

doi: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2110599

Figure Lengend Snippet: CGA regulated activation of the PI3K-Akt signalling in HBMECs under OGD/R damage. HBMECs were treated with 30 μM of 740Y-P or 25 μM of LY294002 for 24 h prior to treatment with OGD/R and 80 μM of CGA. (A) The abundance of PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt and p-Akt was detected by western blots. (B, C) The p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt levels were estimated. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: For CGA treatment, HBMECs were coped with 20, 40, 80 or 160 μM CGA (purity: 99.55%; MedChemExpress, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) for 28 h. CGA was added meanwhile at the start of OGD and maintained in the culture medium throughout the OGD and reoxygenation.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Western Blot

Journal: Pharmaceutical Biology

Article Title: Chlorogenic acid promotes angiogenesis and attenuates apoptosis following cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the PI3K-Akt signalling

doi: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2110599

Figure Lengend Snippet: LY294002 regulated the effect of CGA on apoptosis. HBMECs were treated with 25 μM of LY294002 for 24 h prior to treatment with OGD/R and 80 μM of CGA. (A) The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. (B–D) The apoptosis was confirmed by flow cytometry and TUNEL assays. ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: For CGA treatment, HBMECs were coped with 20, 40, 80 or 160 μM CGA (purity: 99.55%; MedChemExpress, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) for 28 h. CGA was added meanwhile at the start of OGD and maintained in the culture medium throughout the OGD and reoxygenation.

Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Flow Cytometry, TUNEL Assay

Journal: Pharmaceutical Biology

Article Title: Chlorogenic acid promotes angiogenesis and attenuates apoptosis following cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the PI3K-Akt signalling

doi: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2110599

Figure Lengend Snippet: LY294002 reversed the effect of CGA on angiogenesis. HBMECs were stimulated with 25 μM of LY294002 for 24 h before treatment with OGD/R and 80 μM of CGA. (A) Angiogenesis was quantified by tube formation assay. (B) The VEGFA content was detected by western blots. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: For CGA treatment, HBMECs were coped with 20, 40, 80 or 160 μM CGA (purity: 99.55%; MedChemExpress, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) for 28 h. CGA was added meanwhile at the start of OGD and maintained in the culture medium throughout the OGD and reoxygenation.

Techniques: Tube Formation Assay, Western Blot